2008, volume 13, special issue
DIFFRACTION RADIATION OSCILLATORS ON PATH TO TERAHERTZ
V. S. Miroshnichenko
290-300
Since 1968 year the path is traced which the developers of diffraction radiation oscillators (DRO) in the Usikov's Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of NAS of Ukraine have done at terahertz (THz) region. The singularities of build-up of electrodynamic systems of submillimeter DRO, technological difficulties of manufacture of diffraction gratings are surveyed. The outcomes of modern investigations of DRO in a THz-region are presented. The methods of struggle with competing excitation of surface waves are surveyed, the singularities of use of interaction of a beam with higher space harmonics of a field of a diffraction grating, and also advantage of use of a multistage interaction space in DRO are analysed at promoting in THz region.
Formation of electron beam moving curvilinearly for devices of MCR and fel type
B. P. Yefimov, A. N. Kuleshov
301-314
Obtained during last several years results of theoretical and experimental investigations dedicated to curvilinear moving electron beam forming in Motz undulator and magnetron injection gun in low-voltage accelerating range are presented. Trajectory analysis of electron motion in focusing system depending on longitudinal and transversal magnetic field components ratio is described. The influence of focusing transition region (adiabatic entrance of electron beam) on shaped electron beam quality is studied. The noise radiation signals from electron beam moving through forming systems for different electrical regimes are presented. The possibility of a development of magnetic braking radiation sources in low-voltage accelerating range is discussed.
CURRENT TENDENCIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MILLIMETER WAVELENGTH CLINOTRONS
E. E. Lysenko, O. F. Pishko, V. G. Chumak, S. A. Churilova
315-320
The paper presents some results of developing and adoption packaged CW clinotrons for the millimeter waveband (frequencies between 58 and 300 GHz). Power and frequency characteristics of the instruments are given. Possible ways of improving the performance and extending the area of application are indicated.
DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL RADAR PRINCIPLES OF THE IRE NAS OF UKRAINE
G. I. Khlopov, S. I. Komenko
321-332
In the paper the research activity of the department of physical radar principles during 1955-2008 is presented. The development of the department and the most essential results of fundamental studies in the areas of the over-the-horizon radio propagation and over-the-horizon radar systems, diagnosis of radio propagation by use of compact refractometers and radiation from space objects, spectral characteristics of signals, scattered by sea surface, surface and air objects, as well as coherent radar in short wave millimeter waves are presented. Furthermore the main results of applied research, concerning warning radar of hazard phenomena in atmosphere, sensors for alarm systems and control of hazardous substances venting in industry are discussed.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS OF REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH AT THE IRE NAS OF UKRAINE
V. K. Ivanov, S. Ye. Yatsevich
333-343
History of development of radiophysical methods of the remote sensing of terrain from aerospace facilities in A. Ya. Usikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of NAS of Ukraine in the second half of 20th century is considered. Main features of spaceborn and airborn side-looking radars are presented. Obtained results and prospects of development of remote sensing methods are discused.
MILLIMETER RANGE NOISE RADAR
K. A. Lukin
344-358
Main results of research and development on noise radar technology carried out in the Laboratory for Nonlinear Dynamics of Electron Systems are briefly described. Millimeter wave generators of chaos used in the noise radar transmitters and fast correlation receivers are described. Various noise radars are briefly described, such as: car collision warning radar, pulse-coherent noise radar, ground based noise waveform (GB NW) SAR, etc. High resolution SAR images have been obtained and high accuracy and stability of detection of small shifts in the surface of monitored objects. Applicability of GB NW SAR to monitoring of large buildings aiming detection of structural changes has been approved.
PHYSICAL MODELING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING IN THE TERAHERTZ RANGE QUASI-OPTICAL DIRECTIONAL STRUCTURES
V. K. Kiseliov
359-376
The paper is devoted to elaboration of the theoretical and experimental basis, methods and recommendations aimed at the development of a new trend in the experimental radiophysics – physical quasi-optical waveguide modeling (QWM) of the processes of electromagnetic scattering in the near millimeter (NMM) and submillimeter (SMM) wavelength ranges. The methods of experimental research of the electromagnetic scattering processes in the quasi-optical (QO) directional structures of a «hollow dielectric waveguide» (HDW) type have been developed and generalized. The basis for development of the radio measurement facilities used for physical electrodynamic modeling (EDM) of the object’s scattering characteristics in the NMM and SMM wavelength ranges has been elaborated.
QUASIOPTICAL RESONANT SYSTEMS FOR MILLIMETER AND SUBMILLIMETER WAVE SOLID-STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES
O. I. Belous, A. A. Kirilenko, A. I. Fisun
377-390
Basic principles of an open resonator development are presented in this paper. It is shown, that impedance matching of nonlinear solid-state elements (such as Gunn-diode, IMPATT-diode, and detector) can be made in the way of impedance transformer implementation into an open resonator. The spectrum rarefaction due to the single dispersive element or diffraction grating is examined. The results of theoretical and experimental investigation of the resonator with additional restriction of the resonant space are represented. The power and spectral characteristics of the mm wave quasioptical solid-state sources is analyzed.
FLUX OF CHARGED PARTICLES IN LAYERED PLASMA-LIKE MEDIUMS
V. M. Yakovenko, S. I. Khankina, I. V. Yakovenko
391-403
In hydrodynamic and kinetic approximations a study has been made of the interaction between the plasma oscillations and flux of charged particles that move parallel or normally to the boundary of the structure consisting of a plasma layer surrounded by media having different electromagnetic (e. m.) properties. The spectra and Landau oscillation amplification) in such systems are determined.
The interaction between the e. m. oscillations of a periodically inhomogeneous plasma medium (semiconductor superlattice) and electron flow is considered. The conditions for causing the unstable stated of these oscillations are found.
THE ACOUSTIC RESONANT PHENOMENA IN A SOLID
E. M. Ganapolskii, A. P. Korolyuk
404-422
The acoustic resonant phenomena in Solids at low temperatures are described. The article contains two sections. In the first from them basic attention at acoustic paramagnetic resonance (APR) in dielectric and semiconductor crystals with impurity paramagnetic centers was given. Researches of this effect were resulted in appearance of a new direction in radio spectroscopy of Solid – hypersound APR spectroscopy of paramagnetic centers in crystals. The results of APR researches of paramagnetic centers with weak and strong electron-phonon interaction are considered. The results of APR researches of the dynamic Janth-Teller effect for paramagnetic centers with orbital degeneration of the basic electronic state are given. Large attention was given to description of the APR active paramagnetic centers with the inverted population density of levels. Researches of the phaser phenomena of the quantum amplification and generation of hypersound in paramagnetic crystals are described. In the second section the results of magneto-acoustic researches of metals with the use of high-frequency ultrasonic waves are described. Basic attention was given to the use of ultrasound for the study of electronic Fermi spectrum in metals. It is described the first detected effect of giant quantum oscillations of ultrasound absorption in bismuth in a strong magnetic field
IMAGE PROCESSING AT THE IRE NAS OF UKRAINE
Yu. V. Kornienko
423-445
An overview is given of the research and development work that has been carried out in the field of analog and digital image processing over the last 40 years at the Usikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics (IRE) of the NASU.
The scientific foundations of image processing, the historical milestones that bring us back to the pioneering research efforts in the image processing techniques, the main stages of these fundamental and applied investigations are briefly outlined. The initial phases of operations of a coherent-optical setup and a digital image processing system developed at the above-mentioned Institute are described. The essentials of the studies that have recently been made at the IRE are summarized.
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL METHOD OF EHF DIELECTROMETRY IN MOLECULAR BIOPHYSICS
V. A. Kashpur, V. Ya. Maleev, O. V. Khorunzhaya
446-454
The review of results obtained in Department of Biophysics (IRE of NASU) by an original differential dielectrometer for solving the problems of molecular biophysics is presented. The main attention is given to demonstration of opportunities of the method to study in the millimeter range the dielectric parameters describing the interaction of biomolecules having different levels of complexity with the water solvent. The results of corresponding measurements for the large set of monomeric and polymeric samples of nucleic acids of different type, and also proteins are given. It is shown that the differential dielectrometer is most effective for investigation of little changes in interaction of biomolecules with the solvent caused by action of the external factors (heating, ionizing radiation, formation of complexes with active substances and so on). It is found that the absorption of microwave emission by biomolecules is very little and it cannot determine the biological action of this radiation. In the solution of biomolecules the main component interacting with microwaves is water in the Debye dispersion range.
RADIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH ON THE PHENOMENON OF THE SOUNDING TIMBRE OF ANCIENT ITALIAN BOW INSTRUMENTS
A. Ya. Usikov, V. K. Lapty
455-461
The results obtained during the period from 1989 to 1995 in the Separate laboratory of acoustic problems (SLAP) of the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine have been systematized in the publication. The subject of the study is physical essence of the phenomenon of the sounding timbre of ancient “Italian” violins. The original method of formant analysis of spectrum-complicated signals of wide-range oscillation systems has been suggested. The oscillation modes inside the violin and viola have been obtained by means of the holographic method. Physical peculiarities of Italian sounding timbre of cremon violins have been revealed and formulated and the “etalon” of this timbre has been developed. The results have been summarized for wide range of oscillation systems and received public and professional approval.